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SKIN TREATMENT AT DR MAZHAR'S CLINIC
The skin is the largest organ in the body. It defends the body from environmental dangers such |
as bacteria, toxins, and temperature. There are several skin concerns, some temporary and |
harmless and some severe. Skin conditions like vitiligo, psoriasis, and eczema can be painful |
long-lasting, and impact self-confidence. |
A study published in The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) found that skin |
concerns account for 1.79 per cent of the world's disease burden. Skin diseases may cause |
rashes, inflammation, itchiness, or other skin changes. Skin disorders might be inherited, while |
others can be brought on by certain lifestyle choices.

Dermatology is the branch of medicine that deals with skin, mucous membranes, hair and nails. Although relatively straightforward to examine, the skin is the largest organ and has numerous potential abnormalities - there are about 1500 distinct skin diseases and many variants. We are relatively ignorant about the pathogenesis of the majority of these although knowledge is rapidly increasing especially in the fields of molecular medicine and genetics.

This course will discuss the impact of skin diseases, outline the biology of normal skin, and describe how to examine the skin and how its diseases may be effectively treated. A range of skin infections, inflammatory skin diseases and neoplastic conditions will be briefly described.

UK data suggests an average of 15% of consultations in general practice relate to a skin problem and between 50 and 75% of individuals may have a skin problem at any time. Although most of these are relatively harmless and asymptomatic, (warts, athletes' foot, dandruff, insect bites and so on), many result in significant disability.

Symptoms of skin disease include:

  • Pain, especially stinging and burning

  • Itch, which may be intermittent or persistent, localised or generalised

  • Functional disability

Signs may be described in terms of single areas of altered skin (lesions) or widespread eruptions. The distribution, configuration, colour, morphology, surface and secondary changes may be helpful in making a diagnosis and planning management.

Classification of skin diseases

Skin diseases are classified in various ways.

  • Site of involvement such as facial rashes, lesions on sun-exposed sites

  • Pathogenesis (when known) such as genetic abnormalities, infectious aetiology or autoimmune mechanisms

  • Main structure affected such as epidermal diseases, abnormalities of melanocytes, vascular changes.

However, these classifications are evolving as the science of dermatology expands. The importance of genetic predisposition and immune function are increasingly recognised.

Reed codes, DRGs and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) are not adequate for dermatological diagnosis.

There have been various attempts to name and categorise skin diseases and these are evolving. Confusion in terminology has resulted in several names for the same disorder, and several different disorders have been given the same name. The British Association of Dermatologists (BAD) Index is a comprehensive list, with subclasses allowing up to six figures/letters for precision. There is overlap where a specific condition may be assigned more than one code.

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